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Minority Languages & Identities in Europe

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• Ethnic/religious groups of Habsburg Empire
• Historical breakup of Yugoslavia ('91-'09)
• Muslim populations in European countries
• History of Christianization of Europe
• Soviet Union, Communist influence
• Map of European ethnic groups
• Map of Fascism in Europe (1922-75)
• History of Islamic conquest in Europe
• Religions & ethnic groups in Russia
• Detailed map of French colonization
• Detailed map of British colonization
• Napoleon's conquests & legacy
• Ethnic & religious map of pre-Nazi Poland

--MORE & NON-ENGLISH--

• Pecs, Hungary: collision point between
Muslim and Christian empires
• Auschwitz and Birkenau
• Poland's resistance to Nazis in pictures
• Muhammad cartoon crisis in pictures
• Stalin's private summer home
• Ravenna: capital of Gothic empire
• Czar Nicholas II's Ukrainian palace
• European traditional cultural costumes
• Inside the Vatican, house of all wealth
• Banknotes/currencies of Europe
• Croatia's Dubrovnik, untarnished gem

--MORE & NON-ENGLISH--

• Islamic Mujahidin vs. Christian Spain
• Poland-Lithuania vs. Teutonic Order
• Nevskiy's Russia vs. German Crusaders
• Prussia vs. France (Nazi Propaganda)
• Libya: Europe will soon be Islamic
• Ivan the Terrible vs. Muslim Tatars
• Soviet Propaganda: Defeat of Germany  

--MORE & NON-ENGLISH--

• An argument for the Romanians' links to ancient Dacians
• Mussolini's Italian death camp for Jews, Slovenes, and Marxists
• The disappeared Jews of Hungary and the Arrow Cross regime
• The Gypsies in history and today, Europe's public enemy
• History of Jihad in Chechnya vs. Russians
• History of the Muslim Tatars in Eastern Europe
• Post-WWII expulsion of 10 million ethnic German civilians
• Ethnic & religious history of Serbs, Croats, & Bosnians
• Breakaway states and independence movements in Europe
• The ancient Germanic Runic alphabet and Runestones
• Teutonic Order and their 800-year legacy in Eastern Europe
• 460-year struggle for Albanian homeland, and 540 for Kosovo
• 2,800-year-old white mummies of China, bringers of Buddhism?
• Alexander the Great's Greek descendents in Pakistan?
• Visual History of Yugoslavia and its breakup (1918-2008)

--MORE & NON-ENGLISH--

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Welcome to the European Heritage Library. We are an academic organization offering European historical, cultural, and linguistic education as a repository for exclusive maps, videos, photo galleries, essays, and articles involving European history, historical memory, national experiences, European minority and immigrant political and cultural identities, and diverse national perspectives on the sociopolitical issues affecting European states today. From the ancient philosophies of the Greeks, to the inventions and state-building of the Romans, to the continental German empires, to the expansive empires of the Slavs, and to the rational doctrines of French thinkers, diverse European societies have created a luminous history that must be thoroughly analyzed and studied. By gaining an understanding of the many perspectives on the historic and modern experience of each European identity, we can better appreciate and document the cultures that have contributed to the evolution of world history.

Announcements, Newest Articles/Maps/Videos/Galleries:

We have completely reorganized and rewritten nearly every article, improved the site layout and functionality, and added sources and imagery to each article. See our new detailed EU Country Profiles page for political and demographic information, including about immigration and European minority populations. More sub-national minority flags have been added to our European flags gallery. See our new Official and Minority Languages of Europe to analyze the many groups in Europe seeking autonomy/recognition. All European ethnic group maps have been revised to be more specific and clear.

New or updated articles:

• Quick guide to researching your ancestry
• An argument for the Romanians' and Moldovans' links to the ancient Dacians
• The Russian aggression in Europe and Georgia is a threat to global peace
• The AIDS epidemic crisis in Russia
• Mussolini's Italian concentration camp for Slovenes, Communists, and Jews
• The Galicians: the Celts of Spain
• The Jews and Synagogues of Hungary, and their disappearance under the Arrow Cross regime
• Gallery of Auschwitz and Birkenau concentration camps
• Pecs, Hungary: the collision point between Muslim and Christian empires
• The magnificent architectural wonders and cathedrals of Hungary
• The Islamic architecture of Seville in Andalusia, a legacy of Islamic conquest
• Poland's resistance to the Nazi General Government's rule in pictures
• Poland's Solidarity uprising in pictures, catalyst to the fall of the Soviet Union
• Are the modern Macedonian Slavs descended from the Greeks and Alexander the Great?
• The ancient Roman-era Dacians, ancestors of the Romanian people?
• The Albanian people's proud ancient Illyrian ancestors of the Roman era?
• History of the German Teutonic Order and their legacy that shaped Eastern Europe for 800 years
• The post-WWII expulsion of over 8,000,000 German civilians from Eastern Europe as the Allies look on. Genocide?
• Albanians: the 460-year struggle for a homeland, and 540 for Kosovo
• History of Kosovo, the Bloody Diamond: Albanian or Serbian land?
• The ancient Germanic Runic alphabet and Runestones, their possible civilization origin, and their historic influence
• History of the Volga German settlers in Russia and their genocide and expulsion under Stalin
• Bulgaria's ancient Thracian Masters of Gold, possible Bulgarian ancestors?
• The Gypsies in history and now, Europe's public enemy
• Alexander the Great's long-lost Greek descendants in Pakistan?